COMPARISON OF THE ELIMINATOR OF THE STATUTE OF PREMEDITATED MURDER IN THE INDONESIAN AND GERMAN CRIMINAL LEGAL SYSTEMS

Binti Nur Farida, Emi Puasa Handayani, Siciliya Mardian Yoel


Binti Nur Farida(1*), Emi Puasa Handayani(2), Siciliya Mardian Yoel(3)

(1) Universitas Islam Kadiri
(2) Universitas Islam Kadiri
(3) Universitas Islam Kadiri
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Pembunuhan berencana merupakan tindak pidana paling serius yang secara langsung melanggar hak hidup sebagai hak asasi manusia yang fundamental. Meskipun demikian, hukum pidana Indonesia masih memberlakukan ketentuan daluwarsa penuntutan terhadap tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana, baik dalam KUHP lama maupun KUHP baru (Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023). Pengaturan ini menimbulkan problem keadilan, terutama ketika pelaku kejahatan berat berpotensi terbebas dari pertanggungjawaban pidana hanya karena faktor waktu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis relevansi dan rasionalitas pemberlakuan daluwarsa terhadap tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana dalam hukum pidana Indonesia, serta membandingkannya dengan sistem hukum pidana Jerman yang telah menghapus daluwarsa bagi kejahatan pembunuhan (Mord). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual, peraturan perundang-undangan, dan komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penghapusan daluwarsa pembunuhan berencana di Jerman didasarkan pada pertimbangan filosofis, yuridis, dan sosiologis, terutama perlindungan martabat manusia, prinsip non-impunitas, serta tanggung jawab moral negara terhadap kejahatan paling berat. Sementara itu, hukum pidana Indonesia masih berorientasi pada kepastian hukum formal dan belum sepenuhnya mengakomodasi keadilan substantif bagi korban. Penelitian ini menegaskan urgensi penghapusan daluwarsa terhadap tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana dalam pembaruan hukum pidana Indonesia di masa mendatang.


Keywords


Expiration; Premeditated Murder; Comparative Law

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DOI: http://doi.org/10.33760/jch.v10i2.1334

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